10,000 Photographs Digitized

Imagine you wake up in the middle of the night to the fire alarm. As you run towards safety, you realize you have a fleeting moment to save one item as you leave. What would it be? For most people, that item would be family photographs. When we have to leave home quickly with only what we can carry, what we choose to carry are our photographs: the tangible, physical evidence of who we were and who we were with as we moved through time.

Within the community, we designate a certain person to save the photos (metaphorically) from the burning building: the archivist. We task the archivist with the preservation of photographs so that the community can remember its history. 

Aside from preservation, the archivist ‘describes’ photographs, so that they can be easily searched for and found. Digitization is another big part of the archival process. 

Last summer, the City of Coquitlam Archives reached an impressive milestone—digitizing over 10,000 physical photos. Currently, the Archives has 400,000 photographs in its holdings. And our goal is to digitize them all. 

District of Coquitlam float in a parade in Vancouver (Don Cunnings fonds F12.286)District of Coquitlam float in a parade in Vancouver, [196-?] F12-S03-F01-F12.286

Senior citizens held a Sadie Hawkins party (Enterprise Newspaper fonds F6.036)Senior citizens held a Sadie Hawkins party, 1979, F6-S01-F6.036

Why We Digitize

There are two main reasons that archivists digitize photographs—preservation and access—ensuring the image is protected and saved, and making sure people can view it. Because of this, the archivist creates two digital copies. The preservation copy (TIFF) exists as a high quality duplicate of the original. This helps ensure that the original will be preserved for much longer, as the digital image can be viewed instead so the original won’t be repeatedly handled, which risks damage, destruction or loss.

The access copy (JPEG) is a lower resolution copy that is more convenient for providing quick access to the image. It is these copies that are uploaded to the archives database, Quest. Access copies are also easier to send and use in social media posts or online exhibit (like this one).  

How We Prioritize What to Digitize

There are a number of factors to consider when deciding what to digitize first. In 2025, the Archives and Records Officer performed an audit of the holdings at the City of Coquitlam Archives to get a complete overview of what fonds and collections contain visual media that needs to be digitized, the extent of that media, and in what format. 

Photographs come in a variety of formats—print, negative, and positive (slides)—and each format takes a different amount of time to digitize. Print is the quickest, with negatives being slower, and positives taking quite a long time due to the format. Photos that are already digital will also be uploaded—once accurate descriptions have been created. 

As a result of the audit results, it was decided the first priority was given to the smaller collections, especially those that contained print photographs. These could be digitized quickly and create a sense of momentum. 

Other priorities included factors such as location. For example, did the collections depict geographic areas of Coquitlam that were not well documented?

City of Coquitlam Animal Shelter (Glen Spence collection C27.056)City of Coquitlam Animal Shelter, 2002, C27-C27.056

Fin and Feathers (Enterprise Newspaper fonds F6.081)Fin and Feathers F6-S9-F6.081

The Tri-City News Photographs

By far, the largest digitization project underway at the City of Coquitlam Archives are the photographs in the Tri-City News (TCN) fonds. The TCN was a local newspaper that ran from 1985 until August of 2025. Over the years, the TCN donated 141 bound copies of the newspaper (almost its entire print run) as well as thousands of negatives. 

One of the reasons why this project was a priority was due to the age of the negatives -  they date from the 1990s and are approaching the end of their life cycle. After 30 years, negatives have been known to fade or change colour. Archives staff have been working on fully processing and digitizing this material for the past several years. It has been a very labour-intensive process. 

In order to get a great shot for the newspaper, staff photographers would take multiple, sometimes dozens, of photographs for each story. These negatives were then stored in envelopes with the title of the story and the name of the photographer written on the front. 

Before the negatives can be digitized, they must first must be appraised and described. This means removing all of the negatives from the envelope, and determining which of the multiple images the photographer selected for publication. 

Processing negatives from the Tri-City NewsProcessing negatives from the Tri-City News

This is usually indicated by a hole punch that the TCN photo journalist would add to the edge of the negative strip. The chosen negative is then rehoused in an archival enclosure to protect it, and given a number and a title. 

All of this information including the date and the photographer is then entered into Quest, the City of Coquitlam Archives database. This way the digitized image can be connected to the description and become ‘findable’ by members of the public who are searching the database. 

Because the volume of material in the fonds is so vast, the Archives has engaged a number of students to work on the project. So far, we have had five students from the University of British Columbia Ischool, and from Langara College's Library and Technology program  work on the project. Collectively over the course of three years, they have managed to digitize about 3,000 of the negatives (and counting). 

This process will take a number of years. It will be well worth the effort as these negatives document an era of profound change for Coquitlam, as it was transitioning to emerge as the modern, multicultural City that we recognize today.

Malcolm Fish - student intern - working on digitizing TCN NegativesMalcom Fish, Archives first student intern working on the TCN Negatives, 2023

Canada Day celebrations (Tri-City News fonds F13.1621)Canada Day celebrations, 1993, F13-S02-F13.1621

Dad with sons Nicky and Tad Badger fishing at Lake Lafarge (Tri-City News fonds F13.1482)Dad with sons Nicky and Tad Badger fishing at Lake Lafarge, 1993, F13-S02-F13.1482